Where does government spending go Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Where does government spending go - Essay ExampleIt is also important to note that oftentimes the overall disbursal made by the government on its purchase of goods and services exceeds the revenue generated by the government through taxes. As such government tend to borrow either from the international or domestic market in order to fill short fall or deficit arising in its figure. US government washed-out its revenues on major goods and services which it renders including the defense services, infrastructure development, salaries of the government employees as well as former(a) heads under which the overall revenue or budget of the country is spent. virtually 54% of the revenue earned by the government is spent on the military related activities whereas 46% of the revenue is spent on the non-military related expenditure. The recent surge in the military related expenditure has mostly been associated with the new military activities conducted by US government in Afghanistan and Iraq. The current budget proposed by the Obama administration show a complete breakdown of how the overall budget result be spent on different activities of the government. The government has also proposed different budget cuts in order to improve the locating of its finances. (Harris). The overall public debt in US still more than $14.2trillion dollars suggesting that the government may be espousal heavily in order to finance its activities. This paper will trace as to where the government bills is spent and why US faces such huge debt of $14.2 trillions. How government property is spent? The recent budget proposed by the Obama administration shows how the government silver will be spent under different heads1. A critical analysis of the data would suggest following National Defense 2011 proposed budget is $3.69 trillions out of which $738 billions will be spent on the national defense which is mostly related with the military related expenditure. The money spent on the natio nal defense however, is further broke down into different sub-headings such as operations and maintenance, military personnel, procurement, research and development, military construction, energy as well as family housing and other benefits to the military personnel. This composition of the spending suggests that most of the spending on the national defense is made in terms of operations and maintenance. Social Security The second largest chunk on which government money is spent is social security services provided by the government. Under social security, most of the money is spent on the old age and survivors policy whereas the rest of the money is spent on the disability insurance. Income Security other important source where most of the money is spent by the government is providing income security to the citizens. Under this head, money is spent on the unemployment insurance, food stamps, kid tax credit, supplemental security income, military retirement, unemployment insurance , rental income support, child nutrition and various other heads. Income security therefore serves as an income stabilizing factor for the citizens with the help of government. health and Education Another important source on which the government spends money is health and education firmament under which State offer both these basic services. Under the health and education, government offers grants to the States for health facilities as well as the health services are offered to the retired employees, funding to National Institute of Health, children health insurance program as well as other expenditure is made. Under the head of education, government offers economic aid in terms of student scholarships, support for the disadvantaged, elementary and vocational training, training and employment services as well as other services which are offered by the governmen

Improving operations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Improving operations - Essay ExampleThe company uses enterprise resource intend (SAP) which helps in integrating the internal and external information and helps in quick response to the guest and improves customer relationship. The purpose of this management operating system is to share information among employees (Harwood, 2003).As the banking industry performance depends to a greater extent on the individual performance of the employee and his/her ability to engage customers for a long-term relationship investment in the company. The organization uses the simplified idea management SIM influence which effectively manages the productivity of the employees regarding innovation (Barton, 2010).The SIM process is apply in each department of the bank because the model helps in better serving the customers and reduces cost for the organization. This process is necessary throughout the organization for continuous improvement and better growth (Barton, 2010).The SIM process is an effect ive get in meeting customers needs and expectation because it allows employees to share information across all the organization around the customers desires and steps to ensure better customer satisfaction (Barton,

Empowering Employee Work Behavior and Leadership Style on Job Dissertation

Empowering Employee Work Behavior and Leadership manner on Job Performance - Dissertation ExampleThis study is intended to provide valuable shrewdness on human resource strategies and their relevancy to employee empowerment in diverse governanceal cultures. By analyzing the results of employee and executive director surveys, the research will prove that positive relationships between management and the worker are mutually inclusive of increased parentage performance and employee retention. An Abstract of The Interaction Effect of Empowering Employee Work Behavior and Leadership genius on Job Performance by Student Name Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in partial tone fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Economics The University June 2013 Recruitment, retention, and the motivation of top performing employees throw been ongoing challenges for employers. In the past, business entities relied upon the principles of their predecessors to structure human resource management plans through traditional styles of leadership. Today, vicissitude in the workplace has evolved into one of the most significant topics for businesses management of human capital.Workplace diversity is the foundation for impinge in regard to communication and the attainment of the best fit in human resource management. behavioral theorists have used psychoanalytic research to find proven methods to obtain positive productive behaviors. When an organizations leadership styles promote employee empowerment, the level of job performance increases. ... The purpose of this study is to establish the mankind of a positive relationship between leadership approach and employee empowerment in regard to job performance. TABLE OF table of contents COPYRIGHT.1 SIGNATURE.2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.3 PREFACE4 ABSTRACT.5 TABLE OF CONTENTS..6 LIST OF FIGURES8 LIST OF TABLES.......................................................................................................... .10 CHAPTER 1 NATURE OF THE STUDY..11 1.1 Sigmund Freud Human Thought Processes.16 1.2 Heuristics and Theory dedicate as Expectation.19 1.3 Stewardship Theory and Agency Theory21 1.4 Motivation Intrinsic and Extrinsic payoff Learning22 1.5

Health Care Finance in the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Health portion out Finance in the United States - Essay ExampleSome of the services offered are respite care, rehabilitation, and environmental modifications. For these services, Out of Pocket Payments are usually the largest sources of healthcare financing, paid directly by patients and are no reimbursable by an insurer or related third partiesA new Gallup Daily evaluation reinforces the prominent level of inconsistency in health insurance policy accost advance among U.S population segments. In general, health insurance coverage is lowest in U.S mid-twenties, a situation that is strongly associated with income, at a seethe from a low of 44% across 35-year olds earning below $25,000 per year to 100% amongst seniors above 60 earning the same nub per year. Of the total population interviewed by Gallup last year, an estimated 17% of the entire American population did not contract a health insurance cover.As a reality with many features of American life today, the absence seizure of health insurance is not randomly or equally distributed. There is a distinct income and age pattern when it comes to the population with health insurance. Among 18-year olds, 84% are insured. However, this relatively high coverage are presumptively mirrors the fact that most of the youthful Americans are still covered by their parents insurance policies, though this changes now as they begin their twenties. Health insurance coverage comes to the lowest level of the total age range (66%) at the age of 22. Starting from this age, the percentage of the population insured begins to increase, albeit gradually, hitting the 95% level at the age of 65 when Medicare cover is formally available.The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is inclusive of considerable new requirements designed to increase the rates of health insurance coverage. It includes the compulsory expansion of Medicaid programs to cover persons in households with incomes less than 133% of the federal poverty level , a necessity

Schizophrenia in children Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Schizophrenia in children - Research Paper ExampleAs the definition indicates, the major symptoms of this disorder include visual and audile hallucinations, abnormal behavior, and strange feelings and they adversely affect the childs ability to function normally and to book interpersonal relationships. To illustrate, a child who has developed schizophrenia may become shy and reticent and approximate to live in a world of his/her own. Nearly 50% of children with schizophrenia show severe neuropsychiatric symptoms. Although this mental disorder has no definite cause, it is often correlated to risk factors like family history. Some youthful studies claim that brain changes and biochemical and environmental factors may contribute to the development of schizophrenia. Generally physical, laboratory and mental examinations are conducted to diagnose schizophrenia in children. ... Prevention of childhood schizophrenia is less possible because many an(prenominal) of the early signs of this disorder are very similar to the signs of other disorders. Treatments As discussed already, pediatric schizophrenia is a chronic condition and it needs lifelong contendment even though symptoms may be subsided during nearly periods of treatment. The treatment for childhood schizophrenia is generally led by a psychiatrist specialist. Since this disorder erect affect many areas of the victims life, other professionals such as pediatrician, psychotherapist, family members, psychiatric nurse, and social workers are also included in the treatment team. Medications and psychotherapy are mainly employed to treat childhood schizophrenia (Loth & Pataki, 2012). Antipsychotic medications play a central role in treating this disorder although they have non been specifically approved for treating schizophrenia in children. Second generation antipsychotics or atypical antipsychotics are initially employ to treat pediatric schizophrenia because they have fewer side effects. As Kuehn (200 9) notes, Risperidone and Aripiprazole are the still two second generation antipsychotics that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat this mental disorder in children. Similarly, first generation antipsychotics or ceremonious antipsychotics are also used to control schizophrenia in children and they are equally as effective as atypical antipsychotics. However, conventional antipsychotics have more severe neurological side effects. In addition, psychotherapy treatments such as individual therapy and family therapy are employed to manage childhood

Potential impact of Chimps making spears for hunting on American Term Paper - 1

Potential impact of Chimps devising spears for hunting on American Culture - Term Paper Examplee developing into a human form, the study of this behaviour of the chimpanzees gives a great deal of insight into the hunting skills and the weapons that might slang been used by the early man. (Pruetz JD and Bertolani, 2007)The research was conducted by two anthropologists Jill Pruetz and Paco Bertolani. Dr. Jill Pruetz who specializes in Biological Anthropology is an associate prof of Anthropology. Her research work has interpreted her to places including Peru, Costa Rica, Kenya, Nicaragua and Senegal. (www.terradaily.com, 2007) The research mainly focussed on the behaviour of roamer mon distinguishs, chimpanzees and howling monkeys. The observation of chimpanzees exhibiting predatory behaviour to hunt food has increased her interest to study the submit that ecology might have exerted in developing feeding habits and social behaviour of early man. (news.nationalgeographic.com)She is s hortly in Senegal undertaking a research funded by the National Geographic Society and the National intuition Foundation. Its aim is to study the behaviour of chimps in an environment that is as simulated and close to the condition that existed during the clock of the early man. She also co-founded DANTA which is a non-profit organization and is also actively involved in teaching and opposite conservation activities. (www.anthr.iastate.edu, 2011)Paco Bertolani is a Phd student and an anthropologist of great promise who successfully conducted these research experiments with Dr. Jill and has formulated several key aspects on behavioural policies exhibited by chimpanzees. A dissertation presented in 1994 dealt with the challenges faced by primates in food consumption and their social interaction. In 1997 another dissertation on adoption scenarios being taken up by chimpanzees was also a major achievement. (www.human-evol.cam.ac.uk)Paco also has a wealth of field experience. He was p resent in 1994-1996 to study the behaviour of forest chimpanzees. In 1998-2000 field studies were also

Research Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Research Proposal - Essay ExampleIn essence, familiar form _or_ system of government has vie a key part in addressing the end of penury (Lee 2006). Assessment of governments use of public polity in addressing the reappearance of meagreness is a concern that needs to be articulated upon comprehensively since beggary has been widely known to carry luggage of other frugal and social dev elopements. For example, studies have documented that if the issue of poverty dischargeister be solved, several other issues such as GDP can be partially be solved. In another dimension, study of how public form _or_ system of government can be employ in eradicating poverty can be argued to possess great impact on identifying and raising issues that can help governments in making inevitable measures that can help solve not only poverty issue but also other problems affecting the public (Chaturvedy 2005). In addition, in the process of analyze the phenomena at hand, it is app arent that di fferent frameworks of how different governments have use in utilisation of public policy in addressing public issues volition be highlighted. This way, there will be a broader spectrum of how identified frameworks by successful governments can be applied by unsuccessful governments. In essence, the concern of the study will also try to interpret the differences that are recorded in different approaches of public policies in addressing public issues. 1.1 Research Questions Can public policy be used to solve the issue of poverty? In what ways can public policy be used to solve the issue of poverty? What are effects of failure to use public policy in solving the issue of poverty? 1.2 Objectives of the nurture General objective To investigate if public policy can be used to solve the issue of poverty Specific objectives To assess ways in which public policy can be used to solve the issue of poverty To find out the effects of failure to use public policy to solve the issue of poverty 1.3 Conceptual Framework Independent variables Independent variable 2 literature review Application of public policy in addressing public problems One of the apparent functions of public policy is the creation of legislations of social policies. In fact, as Lee 2006 asserted, the initial step in solving poverty issue is by putting social legislations in place. In this regard, the issue of public policy comes in. Nevertheless, concentrate on on how an issue like poverty can be solved needs a distinctly articulation of several things. Basically, a government needs to conduct some research and evaluate the necessary steps to be taken in order to solve the problem. The below sections highlight some areas that governments can put public policy into action in order to curb the menace of poverty. 2.1 Creation of lying-in Institutions One of the challenges of eradicating poverty is the issue of un usage and poor employment conditions. Studies have indicated that countries with high unem ployment rates experiences lower economic growth and are reported to have a higher level of poverty than counties with higher employment rates (Chaturvedy 2005). Poverty can be defined under

Patronage & Clieintelist Politics in Egypt - Pre-arab spring Assignment

Patronage & Clieintelist Politics in Egypt - Pre-arab spring - date Examples the case in Egypt during the pre-Arab spring period patron-client relationships offers a platform for the mobilization of the low-status sort by the well established elites. Thus, introduction of competitive elections would disadvantage the patron since the client would have additional resources from the patron by use of hiss or her to pay the patron. In essence, incentives linked to voter diverge out Egypts electoral process during the pre-Arab spring played a chief role in the voting trend among the vast majority. Although some voters cast their vote based on ideological concerns, this is estimable a small percentage of voters unlike the majority who expected material benefits for voting for a particular(a) leader. In additional, the vast majority cast their vote mainly due to pressure from the government any in a direct or an indirect manner. Thus, responsive to vote buying was high since the highe r(prenominal) percentage of the population compromised of poor and illiterate parties (Blaydes 10).The success of Clientelistic practice in Egypt during the pre-Arab spring thrived mainly because single of the benefits clients received from the patron monetary material in exchange for votes-vote

Metamorphosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Metamorphosis - Essay ExampleSome elucidate of psychological grounding will have to be found out for such an occurrence.The presence of an plant louse anywhere within the house, is the most unwelcome feature but Samsa is one (transformed into beetle perhaps with his hold volition) and sections in the household accept the fact for the reasons best known to them. The readers of the story are expected to go with the fact to enable them appreciate the developments that take place in the family consequent to the isolation of the prime member from the mainstream dispositions and activities of a normal household. Insects live a regulated life within the perimeters bestowed to them by Nature. Before his variety Gregor lives such a life, comparatively lackluster and remains engrossed in his work. He does his best to supply for the secular necessities of the family. He has no friends circle, no hobbies that make his life passionate, and no close interaction with the family members unles s with his sister. Why the family does non involve him in day to day small incidents of happiness and sorrow is not explained in the story, but the fact is that he is a marginalized member and this realization intensely bothers him leading to his regeneration as the beetle. In fact, that is his mental sickness that shapes into a beetle and his cynicism is the cause for that to happen.The family expects of him to provide for them, cypher more, and nothing less. Just as an ant or the worker-bee labors without intermission for providing food for the rest of the members of the nest, Gregor carries on with his life whole for the benefit of others. His life becomes appendly regimented devoid of any fun and sacrifice for others become the give-and-take for him. He just works, thats all without any essential human dignity or charm. No thanks or words of gratitude for him and the family expect him to do what he does, as if it is his bounden duty. He owns total responsibility on his sho ulders, for issues

Chevy vs gt500 article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chevy vs gt500 article - Essay eccentricFord was faster on the straight and up the hills but Camaro was faster at corners. Although Ford had win by few seconds, Camaro proved to be a develop car because of more efficient halt arrangement. (words 152)Camaro had magnetorheological shock absorbers that kept the chassis under control and dispassionateed the rough patches on the street. Ford could not take bumps on the road and experienced vertical motions which adversely impacted driving.Camaros brake system was better and stopped instantly. It gave confidence to the drivers of Camaro. On the other hand, after first lap, brake got heated up and do not stop fast enough, which could prove fatal on racetrack. The cooling system in Ford was flawed. The brakes being very crucial aspect of driving, driving Ford made drivers nervous.The staple fiber assumption of the writer is that the car which makes every day driver a pleasure is more of a people car. Moreover major features like brak e and good shock absorbers are hugely essential elements of good car. Thus, along with speed, torque and traction, the performance of the car also evaluated their brake and efficiency of the shock absorbers to smooth rough patches.Relevant factors in the performance evaluation of the twain cars were its speed, traction, torque, brake and smoothing of bumps on the roads. While the two cars competed equally on first three factors, Camaro won hands down on superior brake system and better shock absorbers which made driving a great pleasure.The tone of the article is exceedingly technical. It uses technical vocabulary to define parts and functions that give relevance to the high performance of the car. But bit the overall tone might be technical, the article is easy to understand and gives readers of all age, a better perspective of the issues that make driving better.Evans, Scott. 2012 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 vs. 2013 Ford Shelby GT500. Motortrend, 27 June 2012.

CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

CAPM (Capital Asset determine pretense) - Essay Exampleand expected go bys which is denoted as r. The ? is used as a bank note of non diversified risk and implies that the expected return is the return on a risk free asset in entree to a risk indemnity (Laubscher, 2002). The risk premium result be equivalent to the market return in surplus of the risk free enjoin which is multiplied by the trade portfolio. This is the reason that ? is regarded as the difference between the returns on various share portfolio. The formula for CAPM model is denoted below R = Rf + ?(Rm - Rf) R = Expected return on the share/portfolio. Rf = Risk-free rate of return. ? = Beta (volatility of the share/portfolio relative to the market portfolio). Rm = Expected return on the market portfolio. Rm - Rf = Market risk premium (Laubscher, 2002). In the CAPM model risk is defined as the extent to which returns on share portfolio have co air division and variance with the market returns. ? is used for meas uring risk and the basis for expected market returns. It is used as a measure for non diversified risk and is a relative measure of risk relative to the market portfolio. ... brass bonds and Treasury bills are used instead of this instrument (Laubscher, 2002). 2. Return in the market The market portfolio constitutes of any kinds of idle assets and is one of the most available diversified portfolios. After the valuation of portfolio is done then it will be difficult to diversify the risk. The market return is the return on the market portfolio which constitutes of all risky assets. The rate of return is essentially measured by the approximation of the stock indices which is used a procurator to the market. However, the problem arises regarding the choice of the index to be used as a proxy (Laubscher, 2002).The expected rate of return depends upon the market risk but it also depends upon the nature of the benchmark of the portfolios. However, investors are satisfied in investing in a limited number of benchmark portfolios. 3. Beta (?) This is one of the most of the essence(p) aspects of the CAPM model as it helps in determining the difference between the expected market return and the actual market rate of return. Portfolio betas are usually derived from the historical data and are useful in the cadence of the betas of the future (Rai University, n.d.). According to economic analysts the high beta shares tend to have a higher returns and refuse betas shares tend to have low returns. The relationship between the average returns and beta is linear but the set up of risk and return relationship is not as steep as estimated by the CAPM model. Beta measures the relationship based on past returns and the derived results are more accurate than the standard deviation used to measure the relationship between risk and returns (Laubscher, 2002). Figure 1 Relationship of risk & return as per CAPM Model (Source Myers, 2003) From the

Discuss how clinical protocols tie into quality management programs Research Paper

Discuss how clinical protocols tie into quality prudence programs within in the clinical ambit - Research Paper ExampleBrown et al., second this in their study on quality assurance in healthcare in developing countries when they stress on the occurrence that improving quality actually pays rather than costs, and how health managers with limited budgets cannot afford to ignore that fact (Brown, Franco, Rafeh & Hatzell, n.d.). Buttell et al., mention a few clinical measures recommended by the Institute of Medicine, which are to improve leadership and knowledge, to order and learn from errors, to set performance standards and expectations for safety and to implement safety systems in health care organizations (Buttell, Hendler & Daley, 2007).A safe healthcare environment is essential for any medical or clinical institution. Clinical protocols essential be followed to ensure quality management and control. They tie into quality management programs within the clinical setting by maki ng healthcare safe, effective, patient-centered, apt, resourceful and impartial.The thing thatshould be aiming for, is constantimprovement. So that, future generations may also benefit from improved healthcare standards as a result of following clinical protocols. In order to achieve the objective of uninterruptedimprovement, merely defining the parameters of what quality care actually is allow definitely not be sufficient although the mission hasnt quite reached completion.Brown, L. D., Franco, L.M., Rafeh, N., Hatzell, T. (n.d.). Quality Assurance of wellness Care in Developing Countries. Quality Assurance Methodology Refinement Series. Retrieved from http//pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/Pnabq044.pdfButtell, P., Hendler, R., Daley, J. (2007). Quality in health care Concepts and Practice. The Business of Healthcare. Retrieved from

Analyse the market for Tesco Groceries within the UK Essay

Analyse the market for Tesco Groceries within the UK - strive ExampleFounded in 1924, Tesco is the largest retailer in the UK market as well as the largest UK based international supermarket chain with 1,780 stores in the UK and 586 outlets internationally. The society which originally focused on food retailing has now expand in to retailing of clothing, household electronics, fincial services, internet and telecommunications. Company is displaying tremendours financial performance with over 15% offset in its revenue reaching 34 billion in year 2005 and a widely publicize operating profit of 2 billion. With over 1780 stores spread across UK and a strong presence in Ireland and a host of other countries, with its 586 international outlets, Tesco retail operations employ over 240,000 employees.The UK supermarket segment operates on a highly differentiated platform where the segmentation is done on customer profiles, geographic locations as well as product and image set up of ea ch player. The focus on differentiation in the industy is evident in the total expenditure of 150 million on advertising by hear players. Tesco initially positioned itself on Best Value platform and based its operations on the principle of potentiometer it high, sell it sporty approach of the founder Jack Cohen. While this positioning attracted the lower income classes, it created a cheap image of the company and alianated the middle class consumers. To counter this negtive image, the company revised its approach to inclusive offer a phraseused by Tesco to describe its aim of catering to all stratas of income gorups from the same stores (Tesco.com 2005) . Under this approach the company offers Finest and Luxuary range as well as low priced Value range to cater to varying expendable income levels of its differentiated customer bases. The company also differentiate its outlets through five formats, which differ in stigmatize floor size and the range of products sold. These

Criminal Justice Theories Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Criminal Justice Theories - Research report ExampleVictim Precipitation Theory This hypothesis suggests that most people initiate or wee a specific confrontation that may result eventually to that soul macrocosm victimized by death or injury. Such kind of precipitation on the victim can be termed as either passive or active. Active precipitation on the part of the victim exists where the victim by choice acts in a manner that is provocative, uses threats or fighting words, or simply initiates an attack first. For example, in cases of crimes much(prenominal) as rape, courts have presented verdicts such as non-guilty based upon whether the victim acted in away or non acted at all in away suggesting consent to the act of sexual relation like the coif code of the woman in question. On the another(prenominal) hand, passive precipitation occurs where the victim exhibits particular features and characteristics that unintentionally threatens or motivates the attacker. Such kind o f crimes do happen may be due to conflicts at individual(prenominal) level like where two individuals compete for a job promotion, love interest, or any other rare or desirable commodity. For example, a woman may be promoted and end up being a victim of violence due to the jealousy of someone she may or may not know rise up from the work station or away. Passive precipitation may also be experienced in cases where the victim is part of a specific group that threatens or offends the economic well being of someone, reputation or even status. According to research, this kind of precipitation exists in situations where there is a relation to power. Hence, economic power minimizes the victimization risk (Samuel, 2007). Differential Association Theory This theory explains deflexion and brutal acts in terms of the social relationships of an individual. The Differential Association Theory attributes the causes of crime to a persons social context. The theory rejects the intense individu alism of psychiatry and biological determinism and economic explanations as causes of criminal activities. Differential Association Theory poses no particular or obvious threat to the treatment of kind-hearted of the victims or the criminals who have been identified. This theory suggests that an individual turns to delinquent life style due to excessive definitions that favor violations of the natural law over those definitions that are unfavorable to violation of the law. That is to say, deviance results in a situation where an individual is capable to many social messages that favor conduct than those favoring pro-social acts. Sutherland suggests that the concept of differential social organization and differential connectedness may be applied to aggregation level and an individual level respectively. Whereas differential association theory gives explanations why an individual may gravitate towards criminal and delinquent carriage, differential social organization gives reas ons as to why the rates of crime among different social entities appear to differ from each other. The differential association theory has 9 basic postulates Criminal and delinquent behavior is learned the theory asserts that delinquent behavior is not particularly inherited and an individual not with no training in crime do not invent any delinquent or criminal behavior Criminal and delinquent lifestyle is learned from interaction with other people during communication including gestures, verbal or written communication erudition criminal behavior and delinquent li

Turkish invasion of Cyprus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Turkish invasion of Cyprus - Essay ExampleEven before the conflict, the tension arose when the Cyprus Convention, on the basis of which Britain leased the island, lost much of its relevance for some reasons, foremost of which was the disintegration of the fairy Empire. However there is a background of the conflict followed by the year 1878, when Cyprus was offered to the British, the Turkish sultans expected them to build a strong naval base on the island, which could be used as a deterrent against possible Russian attacks on the Asian parts of the Ottoman Empire (Borowiec 24).This project was never realized thus never fulfilled. Despite high claims and loud voices in Britain that demanded an end to colonial rule in Cyprus, the Convention was never abrogated, resulting in the economic disaster in Cyprus.After the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, it was felt that the time was not favourable for the Cyprus government as the Turkish government had just relaxed its negotiating position lin king free access to Ayios Theodhoros with Artemis Road (Hart 47). It had also, instructed its permanent representative to the United Nations to give thanks Secretary-General for his efforts in obtaining the release of Denkta, and to state Ankaras acceptance of the UNFICYP timetable for the phased resumption of police patrols to the village, provided UNFICYP returned the Kophinou police compound to Turkish woman of the street police and redoubled its efforts to settle the Artemis Road situation.The attitude of the Turkish Government was warlike because for months the Demirel administration had been pore its attention on internal development projects, many involving U.S. economic assistance. However the advance deployment of heavy implements of war and Greek mainland troops were indicating something fishy not only, in battalion strength, around Skarinou, but throughout the island. When the Cyprus crises erupted in 1964, jokester found itself deprived to get U.S. support, at that time Ankara thought of reapproaching Arabs with a fancy that would pay off. However the Arabs instead supported Greece with arms and weapons against the Turkish Cypriot minority (Nachmani 14). Turkey eon depicting such attitude of Middle East as the Arab betrayal, tried to shake hands with the Hesperian world.Conflicts and threats during and after Turkish invasionThe political aspirations of the Cypriot leaders were to inspire Cypriots towards either Greece or Turkey instead of creating a mutual concern for the unity of their nation and for their own self-preservation as Cypriots. The dominant spirit that remained long after the invasion among Turkish Cypriots was that the internationally recognized government of Cyprus has not represented the interests of the islands Turkish community. Indeed, it was observed that except minor exceptions, particularly after the invasion, Greek Cypriots regarded Turkish Cypriots as enemies rather than as compatriots. Greeks never considered the m as their equal partners due to which systematic economic blockade of the Turkish areas by the Greek side were theoretically intended to punish Turkey (Borowiec 8). Distances between Greeks and Turks remained wider and therefore alienated the minority that was supposed to overlap the island with the Greeks. However despite the elements that separated two Cypriot

On Verbal and Non-verbal Communication Essay Example for Free

On Verbal and Non-verbal Communication EssayIt is but human nature to analyse to understand another person. It normal for people to try to interpret another persons actions or words. Interpreting these types of chat means is however, difficult. Each has its own way to be interpreted. Non verbal communication is when person utilizes not his lips and vocalism when relaying information to another person. It is refers to actions gestures or movements a person does in order to send a core to another person. Usually, this kind of communication is utilized when meeting a new individual. Because too much run-in seem to be inappropriate in first meetings, people tend to gesture via facial expression, ramification movements, or even bodily gestures. Thus, people interpret this differently, via cues, unlike when the words are spoken (Brunswick Piscataway, 2009). On the other hand, verbal communication relies on the lips or mouth gestures as well as the spokesperson of the person who spoke the words or uttered the information. To some verbal communication is more original as people are given the exact information needed to be received.However, there is a tendency for people to lie. Thus, there are those who listen to verbal utterances speckle at the same age keeping watch of non-verbal gestures. This points that interpreting verbal communication may be literal or base as well to the actions and facial expression that come along with the words (Brunswick Piscataway, 2009). It may thus be concluded that each kind of communication is interpreted differently. Verbal communication sends literal meanings at times, while non-verbal communication is sometimes vague.There is not exact way to point which tells more accurately, however if have the message will be conveyed easier and faster. Both are also more trustworthy if done grimace by side. The gestures support the words and the words support all the actions.. While the quote insists that action speaks louder than words, cunning the nature man, it is still better to rely in both words and actions for a clearer interpretation.ReferencesBrunswick Piscataway. (2009). Social perceptual experience How we come to Understand People. Social Psych Lecture. Rutgers University.

Should the Government ban smoking Essay Example for Free

Should the Government ban take in EssayThe hazards of consume have construct very clear in the last few years and the public has started working towards changing societal norms associated with roll of tobacco. Awareness about second hand smoking has also risen considerably and efforts are beingness made to protect residents from it. However, communities alone locoweednot bring such a drastic change. The government needs to correspond a key role in protecting the health of its citizens by introducing various laws and legislation that pull up stakes discourage smoking.Firstly, smoking needs to be discouraged because various researches and studies have proven that passive smoking has killed 35,000 to 40,000 people per year in the United States alone in the early 1980s. These passive smokers also get up with an immeasurable monetary value of lower quality of life and a shorter life span. Tobacco can be blamed for more deaths of Americans each year as compared to deaths cau sed by alcohol, cocaine, crack, heroin, homicide, suicide, car accidents, fires and aids unite.The combined loss of lives each year due to smoking was approximately equal to the lives lost in the domain War II. Non-smokers living with smokers also suffer from an increased risk of death from affectionateness attacks, strokes or heart diseases. Children are highly vulnerable to diseases caused by second-hand smoking. Children under the age of two years can formulate chest infections, asthma and other respiratory problems due to second hand smoking.Secondly, smoking also be the government millions of dollars in terms of smoking related treatment at government hospitals. Small and whacking businesses suffer from lost productivity because of the countless breaks and absenteeism of chain smokers. Cigarette smoking cost the U. S virtually $52 billion in health expenses or time lost from work, about $221 per person, each year. another(prenominal) disturbing consequence of smoking areS accidental fires resulting from smoking on public or private property. jibe to an estimate, 25% of residential fires were caused by smokers. It is a government priority to protect the nations health and safety. This can only be accomplished by raising taxes on cigarettes and making smoking a more expensive habit. The government can spend a portion of its budget on anti smoking campaigns or public service announcement. Guidance and counseling must be provided free of cost which can help people quit this disgusting habit. Smokers should be required to contribute to the cost of smoking related treatment.Above all, government should pass a resolution which forces restaurants, bars and clubs need to restrict smoking to particular areas only. Advertisement and television shows that promote the habit of smoking or make it look composed to teenagers need to be banned so that vulnerable teenagers, women and various minorities belonging to low income groups do not fall prey to smoking. This is the only way the government can promote a just, supportive, and productive purlieu which adds to the social and economic well-being of all Americans.

International Baccalaureate program of studies Essay Example for Free

International baccalaureate program of studies EssayIt has always been my dream and my desire to complete a higher education and be able to check a strong foundation upon which to build my success. I have many goals in life and, while I sometimes have not known exactly what route I wanted to take for my life, but I always knew that I wanted to be successful and pee a place for myself in the world. The International bachelors degree Program would be the arrant(a) place for me to get going my journey towards becoming a successful professional who can both support herself and create a capacious life for her family, as well as make an effect on the world more or less me, beginning with my community. This program would give me the opportunity to begin that journey towards a newer, breach future in which I can show the world that just because you have a slow start, doesnt smashed you cannot accomplish a great deal with your life. I have had many struggles throughout my life, particularly in terms of my grades and my studies in high school. Subjects do not always come easy to me, and while I have not always had the highest grade in the class, the grades I have earned I have worked very hard for.I do not feel that any failure, either personally, professionally, or academically, is authentically a waste, because even when I have made mistakes I have learned a great deal from them and this has allowed me to become a better student and exclusive. I feel this way because not everyone is perfect or has an easy time of things, and by struggling myself I can better understand and appraise other people with similar issues. This is why my goal of becoming a social worker or a businesswoman is so fundamental to me.I believe that my background and my ability to overcome so such(prenominal) will make me into a better student in college and a better professional in my future career. I wish to challenge myself to become a better person, and this program would be a great starting place for my future. Whatever I do, I do with my full heart, even if I do not succeed right from the beginning. I am a very artistic person that enjoys exploring my own creativity and looking outside of the box.One of the hobbies that I have taken the most affaire in has been drawing, and I have thrown myself into this with a great amount of enthusiasm. My drawing is very grave to me as it gives me a creative outlet for all of my hopes, fears, dreams and realities. I also play the flute, and this has taught me discipline and how important it is to see things through to the end. It has always taught me the value of practice and how I can see myself improving through hard work and dedication to something that I am involved in.This can easily carry on to my commitment to this program and all that it has to offer. Overall, my life is improving and I have been becoming a stronger individual because of my struggles in school. I know that now that I have found ways for m e to succeed academically I will continue to become a better student and eventually a better professional. With my hard work, dedication, commitment to improvement, and creativity, I would make a strong candidate for admission into the International Baccalaureate Program. I look forward to being a part of your program.

Current Trends in Technology Essay Example for Free

Current Trends in Technology EssaySchool is no long-dated limited to simple reading, writing and arithmetic. The use of technology has expanded the prospect for education, giving us ageless possibilities. in that respectfore, technology deserves signifi scum bagt school attention in order for students to possess technological survival skills. The coercive effects of how it washstand be utilize in the classroom to enable discipline for instructors and students go forth be look ford as well as the need to ensure job stability in the future. What lesson ideas good deal teachers do follow out technology? Assign a digital presentation. Students kitty express themselves more clearly using technology. Technology squirt be used extensively for language arts. Student reports no longer turn over to be limited to a written report. Students now atomic number 18 able to waste access to boundless books online. Therefore, teachers be only limited by the students ability to a ccess a computer. entanglement quest is withal a tool used for literature exploration. Teachers atomic number 18 able to use media clips to line of battle in class. Videos argon on hand(predicate) online that sustain many teachers provide a ocular aid to the lesson that they atomic number 18 teaching.Power point presentations enhance instruction in the language arts classroom by storing day-by-day objectives in a PowerPoint presentation and begin each class session by sharing the nonchalant objectives. Creating PowerPoint presentations for essential nones and providing students the slides using the handout option exit pr level(p)t students from focusing on simply write the notes from the board or overhead. They will listen to teacher comments and make meaningful notes in the spaces provided. The amount of tuition on each slide should be limited to wizard or two important bullets.Students should be boostd to use PowerPoint presentations when they are required to prese nt to the class. Their self-expression and creativity spate be explored with the programs design options. Reading strategies tooshie be d peerless with the use of technology. During reading teachers can help students jaunt prior acquaintance and generate predictions in order to comprehend text. Teachers can do this when they introduce a reading lesson or topic. Using a multi-media approach, the teacher shows pictures, slides, or clips that is similar to the story concept.Real life-time connections can also be made with the help of these visuals, as well as helping them grow mental images. Students can be asked to make predictions on what they think the story is slightly. Their answers and responses can be preserve and played back to them after the story is over. This stimulates their stake in the current reading lesson. They will be keener to paying attention and listening. They will be overeager to hear their responses played back to them to study if their predictions wer e correct. cyberspace provides access to public do chief(prenominal)s.It also gives students the license to read some of the corkingest written books and materials. Using websites provides students with a undischargeder knowledge of historical and social appointations in which many pieces of literature rest upon. Printouts of short stories found on line can be distributed to the class. They can be required to read the text and cotton up the story concepts such as setting, characters and etc. Teachers and students can also set up a intercommunicate that is viewed by their class only. This provides the students to express their ideas and thoughts with the teacher and vice versa.Students can share ideas with classmates and also read one an others post. This helps tighten the bond between teacher and student and bring classmates closer together. They will all have something in common that they are a part of. There are a number of strategies that can be used in the teaching of re ading for students. If a teacher is chatoyant how they can integrate technology into their reading instruction, there are many websites that gives lesson plans and ideas. Technology also can be used with writing. Teachers are able to have advance writing instruction with the help of technology.Projectors can be used for students to guess the writing process modeled by their teachers. This gives students a chance to see how the procedure exe attenuatedions from rough drafting to final revisions. There is a standoff of software functional that help kids make their story rise alive. Programs are available that read their story back to them. How abominable is that? Kids can hear what their writing sounds like and this offers a chance for them to critique it even farther. Microsoft Word is a poplar application program that is used widely in education. This program allows and helps students recognize grammatical and recite errors.This provides students with guidance on writing a c orrect composition. It also guides students as well as help them overcome and accomplish the task of terminology difficulty. They are provided with a vast selection of terms. Websites are available that demonstrate proper organization and correct format for writing. It helps with the building and organization of thoughts for a paper. These websites serve as a catching tool. They assist teacher and students in recognizing rational and well thought-out writing ideas. Researching these web sites scoff students with many writing ideas they whitethorn have been blocked from.Not to mention, the expansion of the writing curriculum for students with disabilities have greatly been expanded. These students are now able to use voice and touch screen programs as a sort to express their ideas. This method is much more effective than the use of paper and pencil. These programs assist these students in developing language skills as well as writing skills. The mesh draw allows for the publishin g of students work. This procedure makes the idea of an audience more tangible to them. It can motivate students to become authors and possibly encourage a future in the writing field.There are many websites that offer contests for students writing. Teachers should take time to find challenges for their students and inspire them to write for profit. There are many schools that dont have the privilege of having available reference books. Many publishers have made their reference books available online. some other way to get students to write is student produced newspapers. This is a great practice for their writing skills. It also allows them to be originative, productive and organized. Technology can be used as a written language convention. Students reward their grammar skills with online games and activities.This is a way students can have fun with dry material. Oral language can be improved with the use of technology. PowerPoint presentations allow students to organize their speeches and make the audience follow along with the presenter and the teacher to assess a students performance. Project found learning can greatly be increased with the use of technology. This is a way students can use technology in proportion to real life situations. Students are able to make decisions in small groups based upon their design, caper solving, resolutions, and analytical measures. This allows students the freedom to be n charge and have full control over their own project. They will be digging deep into those critical thinking skills in order for their project to run smoothly. It gives them more creative independence. This serves as a hands-on learning experience in order for students to answer and relate to the main ideas and standards of the subject area. These encounters are related to everyday life. Students will be able to take what theyve learned and apply it in their own life. Students are also able to get involved with projects which connect classes togethe r rough the humanness.The internet provides structure and resources for students to do research on an international level. The use of technology broadens students horizons, their goals and beliefs. They can actually connect to another part of the world. They can learn cultural teaching about places theyve only heard about. It gives them a chance to explore whats out there in the world from inside their classroom. What better way for a child to learn about new things than being in a school environment? This is safer for our kids. It takes down the risk of them exploring outside of school on their own.A lot of children dont know whats out there because theyve never been exposed to new surroundings. Children unravel to stray away more so out of being curious. Why not fulfill that remainder by exploring it in class? Project based learning allows children to hang their curiosity by allowing them to rent and have control over what they want to learn. What about drugs, sex and weapo ns? These are all subjects that kids can explore using technology as a guide. They can research the most harmful drugs in the join States and compared it to the harmful drugs in another country.Teenage pregnancy rate and STDs can be compared or examined around the world. Weapons that are used to kill children and or our soldiers can be brought to the students attention. These subjects are also crucial ones that need to be discussed with our youth. Students can present their information and their results to the class. They can also come up with a way they feel these problems can be solved or minimized. There might be a student whos considering having sex, once they research and see the effects of sex up close and personal (i. e. regnancy and STDs) maybe their mind will be changed. Another one might be interested or all ready taking drugs. They will gain knowledge about what drugs really do to your body. Guns are growing more and more poplar. Students can see prototypical hand the c onsequences of these weapons. The innocent lives that is lost due to carelessness. As a result of the use of technology, project based learning can be upgraded tremendously and provide a whole new level of learning experiences, which will be beneficial to the student in the long run. Technology can be used to provide visual learning.Digital storytelling challenges students to take their written ideas and translate them into a visual medium. They could write a script then produce a depiction. Teachers can crap rubrics for assessing students, writing and speaking. Teachers can use projectors in the classroom to show photographs, videos or slides. These visual aids keep students engage in the instruction they are receiving. A teacher can integrate a video to go along with the lesson they are teaching. A student can only get so much from a lecture. Most people are visual learners.A video can reemphasize the information that the teacher is trying to convey. That allows those students w ho werent able to range of mountains the understanding or the concept of the lesson an alternative measure. Teachers can also use technology as visual aids by printing out statistical information for students to see. They can make printouts of graphs and charts to reiterate a particular subject. There are many websites available that provide many resources and tips teachers can use to form hands-on visual aids in their classroom. This will be a great way to allow students to work together as a team.It will decrease isolation among students. They all can work in teams to research a project on the internet. Teachers can also ask students to use the internet to come up with an auditory sensation visual project they can share with the class. Students have fun and learn more when they can see what they are learning. Point blank students will be excited and eager when they are able to participate and contribute to their own learning. Shouldnt they be able to donate and feed their own m inds? Technology as visual aids is a way they can connect their interest to learning.Another visual aid that the teacher can use is handouts. Handouts are a way to repay the instruction that is given. It gives students a general overview of the material as well as identifying the key points. This will cut down on confusion and students will be clearer on the focus points. Visual aids, especially audio visual help many students that have different learning styles. This strategy brings mode of students who dont have the so called, norm learning style. In history this can be used for students to see some of the places they are iscussing. Students can view pictures and artifacts through the web that will really make the lesson come alive for them. They will be like, Wow this really happened or Wow this really did exist There are many websites that provide simulations for certain subject areas for students. Science is a subject where there is no limit to what students can explore and research with the help of the internet. Students can look up all types of animals and insects. This will be much more fun than just reading about them in their textbooks.They can even print out certain information they have found, with teacher approval of course. Visual aids are an awesome way to turn a classroom into an adventurous experience instead of a place. Teachers can benefit tremendously from the use of technology. Technology can help boost the relationship between students and teacher. It affects the way teachers instruct and give a lesson. Technology is a level where students and teachers can relate and identify on. Teachers can use computer tools to reorganize render keeping and clerical tasks, in order to free up time for instruction or professional development.Teachers are able to keep track of grades, behavior and other classroom information with the use of a computer. This information can be saved and always be available for the teacher to pull up at the demand of a parent. This cuts out paper work that can oftentimes be misplaced. Teachers can input their lesson plans and goals on the handout for parents to have a record as well. Therefore isolation will be decreased by using e-mail and the profit to communicate with colleagues, parents, and the outside world. What grown up doesnt have an e-mail?E-mail is a great way for parents to communicate with teachers effectively when face to face is not possible. Teachers are so busy often they dont have the time to call each individual parent. Simple questions and information can be exchanged through e-mail. This mode also help out working parents who cant often answer a phone call when their busy. A click in their e-mail and this problem can be eliminated. Professional development activities can be increased by taking outmatch education courses, accessing educational research, and accessing classroom materials such as lesson plans.Teachers will be able to take courses that their school principal m ay suggest through the use of the internet. They can also take classes that can help bring forward their education online. Also, teachers will not have to leave their classroom when they are looking for additional activities for their students. They can search the internet for educational ideas that will help productivity in their classroom. Teachers can find video clips and other materials that will go hand in hand with their lesson plans. These can serve as great visual aids and teaching tools when giving instruction.If a student poses a question that the teacher may be unclear of the answer, they can look it up together. There are a wide transition of tools that are available to help teachers transform their classroom into a more exciting place for learning. wise boards are growing more and more poplar. These non traditional boards are a way for teachers to transmit information from their computer screen to the class. Their also software available that help teachers set up web sites for their class. Teachers can create websites that are designated specifically to the concept they are teaching, for the purpose of helping their students.This eliminates those web sites teachers are not favourable with their students exploring. The teaching of technology to our kids will help secure them a successful career in the future. In a demanding economy, technology skills are required to stay ahead. Jobs are being lost everyday. Why not ensure our children a spot in the years to come? Technology is used even in the simplest profession. Students not only need to learn the skills that are evident in the workforce today, but also be ready and prepared for the technology changes that will happen in the future.

Representation of Women in History Essay Example for Free

Representation of Women in History EssayThroughout the Statesn history, women gather in been the backb ane of the country, working at taking care of their families, and the country itself. The recognition of this is shown by the different representations of America in a female context. Whether as a insolent young Native American princess who has wronged her British mother, or as Roman goddess capital of South Carolina in her long, flowing white robes. The major change in the way America was represented pictorially was brought round by Phillis Wheatley in 1775, when she sent her poem to George capital letter describing America as a goddess called Columbia. The people at the time were quick to identify with this new recital as they wanted to distance themselves from the negative British representations of America as a Native American woman who was young and disobeying of her parental figure. Also at that time, colonists were thinking of America as a keister of self-knowledge and exploration, creating libraries and other places of study, complete with mock Roman architecture that enforced the feeling of the new Rome, and they liked the event that Columbia was shown as a Roman goddess of sorts. When looking at the differences in the print by Edward brute(a) and the print date 1866, there can be seen a change from Savages peaceful looking goddess Columbia, and hence the armed fleck women that are in the 1866 picture. The earlier picture dated as 1796 shows Liberty wearying a wreath of flowers around her, offering a cup to an eagle and surrounded by soar clouds and showing her upfront, away from any violence. The latter drawing from 1866 shows three women, two holding the flag pole, and one with a sword still fighting, surrounded by people. This picture comes at the end of the Revolution era, and depicts Americas fighting intent which has emerged from the battle. When looking at the example of the Eighteenth century book, Charlotte Temple by Susanna Rowson, the influence of the Columbian nonsuch can be shown by the book being of the seduction genre, which was very popular in that era. This type of story touched many in the nation, as people related their worrying about how they stood after going against Britain to the seduction of a young female who was brought the new land, and then tricked into getting pregnant, merely to be left to die on her own. Many wondered would America suffer that same fate as the seduced young woman, or would the country triumph as the new goddess, Columbia. It is no surprise that during such a perilous time in history that people were drawn to these seduction genre stories to the point of accept in their hearts that Rowsons work was non-fiction, which is wasnt. The recent two hundred5 portrait of Sacajawea is a new drawing on a golden dollar coin. She is shown as looking back, her hair drawn back, and having her son, Jean Baptiste strapped to her. This representation of her is striking with her l arge, unconsolable eyes, and her true Native American features which are very pronounced and stunning. In earlier representations of Native American women, the facial nerve features are all very close to what the features of drawings of white women at the time. These earlier images were closer to the facial likeness of early pictures of Columbia. The United States mint clearly made this coin to represent the anniversary of the Lewis and Clark expedition, dated 1804. The recent golden dollar was dated 2005, which means that it was conceived of and based on a 2004 date, exactly 200 years apart. The coin is also meant to commemorate the Native American people themselves in history. The representation of Columbia in American history can be seen as the evolution of the country itself. As partnership grew, and the perception of what it meant to be an American changed, the figures of women changed with it. The spirit of Columbia is equated with the spirit of our nation, and the artistry used to show that spirit in female form is still being used today, represented by the Sacajawea coin, celebrating the community ideal of what is is to be American.

God Hates Divorce Essay Example for Free

matinee idol Hates Divorce EssayWhen spell was alone The LORD paragon said, It is not good for the man to be alone. I pull up stakes bump off a helper suitable for him .Gen.218. Under marriage covenant man and woman come unneurotic to lot a divine purpose and a component. Man can serve this purpose and role altogether if they are fall in and married. The mo workforcet they get divided the unity is destroyed and they fail to serve the divine purpose and role that graven image wants them to fulfill while they are married and united. God gave a affirmation to the first couple in the Garden of Eden to be fruitful.This pedagogy of God only a couple can break away out and the moment they get divorced they fail to carry out this divine command and we have to keep in mind that this command was given to men before their fall and even after the fall men are bound to keep this command. This shows us how important is this command and why God hates divorce so much. The failure to keep the first command affected the whole human race for generation after generations, the failure to keep this second command will also affect the human race generation after generations and even it will work the mankind to stop be in existence. This is another reason why God hates divorce so much.When men get divorced they forget their first love. Marriage is a love relationship. When man is savage he cannot make a right decision. An angry head cannot evaluate the relationship that was made by a loving heart. Anger makes a man blind and leads him to the bottomless pit and that is divorce. Divorce is the mop hell in this world, the moment anyone falls into it he will be separated from his spouse, children, friends and families and from God. This is the darkest pit that will show no mercy and liberality to its victims. Life will be meaningless and worthless. You will be a creature without hope and future. A lonely man cannot succeed in anything he is abortive and useless to God and to society.All the sweet memories turn into bitterness. Then it becomes easier for that person to get into more than and more sins as there is no one to show him his fault and give account to for all the harm doings. Divorce affects our relationship with God, our relationship with one another, our relationship with the children and our relationship with the society. God cannot use a divorce person to reflect His glory and to show His image to His people. That person turns into an instrument of devil. There are so many reasons for all wise and all knowing God to hate divorce. God with His infinite wisdom can plan the infinite danger that lies in divorce. Man cannot see the infinite danger that lies in divorce that is why man can take this decision of divorce without much thinking and considerations.God in His infinite wisdom and knowledge gives us the person that will be silk hat suitable for us. We take it granted that suitable means comfortable. Something could be ver y suitable for us exactly at the same term it could be very painful and uncomfortable. The spouse you have is always suitable for you because God gave you this spouse. God took this responsibility from the very beginning to give us suitable spouse. The spouse we have is the best acquireer for us given by God in our life to teach us something that no one can teach and to make us useful for God and for man. It takes a lot of pain, patience, unimportance and suffering to learn finished our spouses to be more like messiah Christ and God. any time my wife gets angry with me or sins against me I ask God what lesson do you have to teach me today. Every time I can see that God has something to teach me through her anger. She does the same thing but I learn so many different lessons, at the beginning I get yearn then I rejoice when I can see what God has to teach me today through her anger. Then I feel very sorry for her because she took so much pain and suffering to teach me a lesson that nobody could teach me. Then I began to thank and praise God for her. We need to see what God wants us to see and to understand what God wants us to understand.God in His sovereignty allows us to go through all the bitter and painful experiences to make us more like Jesus and to draw us nearer to Him and to teach us how God feels when we sin against Him. We need to learn how to gesture down to the sovereignty of God and to stop bow down to sin or to give in to sin. God hates the sin of divorce because He does not like separation or division. Divorce is the worst ingratitude towards Gods greatest gift and blessing in our life. The moment we stop giving thanks and praises to God for our spouses we are on the way to be ingratitude for the gift that God by His mercy and kindness gave us.Our shaper Jesus suffered and died on the cross and chose to be separated from God to keep us united with one another and with God. Our Lord Jesus chose to suffer and die to keep us united and one . So we must choose to suffer and die to remain united, one and married for the sake of our God and Lord Jesus Christ.

Human resources are how a business recruits Essay Example for Free

Human resources atomic number 18 how a railway line recruits EssayHuman resources ar how a ancestry recruits, retains and manages key features and functions of their employees. If businesses ar to obtain their objectives, they must plan their loving-hearted resources function so they break the gracious number of employees with the right kinds of qualifications and training to meet the needs of the business.Human resources use antithetical approaches to al wizard the different aspects of human resource planning and management.Human resource planningBusinesses hit to plan c atomic number 18fully to retard that they have the right number of suitable employees for their needs. To do this they need a dependable realiseing of the fag market in the areas where they ope regularize.Human resource planning alike involves tone at how ride is nonionized within the business. A range of factors when making decisions nigh staffing from the labour market includes* Labour turnover* disease and accident rates* Age, Skills and Training* SuccessionIn an ideal world businesses should plan ahead when it comes to human resources. A well-organised business will have forecasts and projections of its future staffing needs. These will then be matched to forecasts and projections to the highest degree the topical anaesthetic labour market, which means that the business feces develop appropriate strategies for the recruitment, training and culture of its staff.Recruitment and optionRecruitment and divideion is a well-worn topic, which is treated fully in all major texts. in that location is always a tension between selectting the right soulfulness for a job and how a lot resource in terms of time and money is devoted to recruitment.Businesses recruit staff for a phase of reasons. These can include* The growth or reconstruction of the business* Changing job roles within a business* Filling vacancies created by resignation, retirement and dismissal* In ternal promotionThe recruitment process can be costly, in terms of resources devoted to the process and costs associated with recruiting poor performing staff. Therefore, it is important to select accurately race for interview. Businesses need to be very clear about the filmments of the job and about the kind of person they are looking for. This is done in several ways* Preparing person specifications and job descriptions* carefully planning how, when and where to advertise* Identifying the strengths and weaknesses of job applications, curriculum vitae and letters of application* Short-listing candidatesTraining and ripeningTraining and development are currently big issues for many businesses in most parts of the country, especially where there are slump rates of un troth. more(prenominal)over, much than and more businesses are realising that if they fail to invest in training and development they will become uncompetitive.Training and development includes the following* Ind uction training* Mentoring* Coaching* Apprenticeships* In-House training* outside(a) Training* Recognition of prior acquirement (RPL) and/or accreditation of prior learning (APL) and accreditation of prior subsist and learning (APEL).Performance managementPerformance management refers to different strategies designed to get the best of a business work force. Different techniques are busy which attempt to relate murder with pay, or promotion or training. Such schemes are not always popular with workers.The following are methods that businesses use to manage the performance of their employees* Performance reviews including appraisals* Self-evaluation* Peer evaluation* Target setting of individuals and groups.The labour MarketSainsburys constantly monitor the labour market to empathize any trends in each sector. They use local and national surveys to gather this information. cultivation gathered is them allocated to the departments that it would suit the best and what large num ber are looking for. For trialple Sainsburys whitethorn be looking for trained bakers and fishmongers, as it is a rare profession. They whitethorn overly look to see if anyone may lead this profession with a small amount of training, they may investigate if the opportunity cost of training them is viable.If Sainsburys require a fishmonger and there was one available then they would have to pay them a decent amount of money to be able to acquire their services. This is because they are quite rare to find and may easily be coaxed into another job with money. They may also try to keep these professionals for a presbyopic time in one store so that the job in done with consistency. As sainsburys require a high standard they may glow them to an off site training course to fix up their knowledge of a certain area.Changing features in the market trends makes it secure for firms such as Sainsburys to find the staff they want for specific hi-skilled jobs. This may because there is a n change magnitude in professional and managerial work and a decrease in unskilled and semi-skilled work. Also people such as Bakers may have learnt new skills to enter different voices of the labour market. For example a Baker may have had enough of his job, keepn an evening class in management, gained qualifications other than baking and joined a more managerial part of the team.Sainsburys need to look hard at the staff they acquire from agencies and applications and think hard about if it would be worth training them up for a specific job. They have to pick them up at exactly the right time. This means that they have to get them before they go elsewhere exactly have to be wary of them getting trained at great expense to sainsburys and then passing for a job with better job satisfaction or better money. They have t get the balance unless right unless it could prove costly.If Sainsburys employ new staff they may have to reconstitute the departments, this may prove popular wit h some staff but unpopular with others. Sainsburys have to think about management structures becoming flatter as a result of great development of responsibilities and how hierarchies are organism replaced by team working.Demographics show that the UK workforce is aging. This can be taken as a costly aspect but also as a bad one.Some advantages of having an ripening workforce are that* They know their job inside out and know how to deal with certain situations.* They have plenty of draw and may be able to offer light on problems which younger staff may have never encountered before.* It may be more reassuring to the customer to see an well startd person doing the job rather then a young face straight out of school.Some disadvantages of having an ageing workforce are that* As people get older they may be more liable(predicate) to illness and take more time off.* With new computer equipment they may have to be send on an expensive training course to learn new ways of working.* Th ey may not be as motivated as younger staff as they are happy with their jobs and realise that they may not be doing it much longer. They may also not want to go for promotions, as they do not want to be bothered with the stress of the modern workplace.There is a steady wane in Primary and manufacturing sectors and an increase in service sector employment.This may work in sainsburys prefer as they have positions for all sorts of people in all different sectors. There are a lot of people wanting to do the jobs where you do not need as much experience such as till manning and shelf stacking but they also have room for people with experience such as the butchers and bakers. As there is such a lot of people wanting to take on the less experience needed jobs the employees in these positions have to try and make a good impression and try hard as they know that there is always someone around the loge waiting for their job. This may boost Sainsburys productivity and customer relations.Th ere are increasing numbers of women be qualified in previously mans work. More and more women are being trained as butchers and fishmongers. Women are now holding more high skilled positions now also, for example it would not be bizarre to ask to see the manager and a women to walk out and speak to you. This may seem fantastical to older generations who may still believe that it should be a mans job.The upbringing and training system is undergoing a change. There has been a major expansion in further and high education and the development of more flexible vocational training structures. This allows more part-time and mature students to gain higher qualifications. This may also allow them to train whilst working, improving there skills for an in-house vacancy. Part-time students make up a large affinity of Sainsburys workforce. This is because they can work flexible hours and are willing to learn.They may also not mind doing low skilled jobs as they need the money and know that they may not be doing that job eer as they are studying at a high level, having these people on their books may be an advantage to Sainsburys as if they are good they may placed in the running for higher positions. When they finis their higher education weather it be A-Levels or Degree they may give them a receive to move up the ladder. This may seem promising to the employee who already has friends there and knows the set up. They may also like it as it saves them the hassle of finding a completely new job.The sectors that are forecast to open are those, which have grown since the early 1980s. The exception is construction, where employment is forecast to fall 4.2%. The largest absolute increase in employment is in public services. The majority of new jobs are to be in education and health, which is an area, which has seen significant growth since the early 1980s. Financial and Business services are expected to show the fastest percentage growth. Business services are expect ed to be the strongest performer in this sector with employment growth at 2.5% per year whilst a fall is forecast in fiscal services. Manufacturing is set to see further productivity gains, which may lead to falls in unemployment.Norwichs Economy* One third of all the jobs in Norfolk are within the Norwich city council area. This totals up to 94,000 people.* Half the jobs in Norfolk are within the greater Norwich area. Employment in Norwich has grown over the last 6 years, but more slowly than the UK as a whole.* Over 90% of Norwich companies employ less than 50 people but over fractional of the Norwich workforce are employed in the 66 largest companies and organisations such as Norwich Union and Mash.* More than 50,000 people travel into Norwich each day to work, from the surrounding area.* The average earnings of full-time employees in Norwich (Excluding overtime) are just over 10 per hour, which is below the national average of 11.18 per hour.* Between 1995 and 2000 employment g rew fastest in financial services, public sector and construction.* In the next few years most jobs are likely to be created within Norwich in business services, hotels and catering, retailing, banking and insurance and construction. There will be a long-term lead for construction skills creating sustainable jobs.* Tourism is growing fast and currently provides 5,600 jobs in NorwichTrends in employment 1997-2007(predictions)19972007 change magnitude involvement of WomenFemale share of total employment46.5%48.2%Female share of employees in employment49.7%51.7%More Working part-timePart-time share of employees in employment29.1%31.2%More self-employedSelf employed share of total employment13.0%15.2%Supply and Demand graph for betroth RatesSWR1 WR = net profitRateSk = SkillsWRD2DSk Sk1As you can see as the demand for high skilled people goes up so does the wages they will be getting paid.Supply of LabourS2SWR = WageWR2 RateL = LabourWRDL2 LIf the supply of labour decreases then the wage rate will increase.Minimum Wage rateSWR2WR1DQ2 Q1If a minimum wage is introduced which is higher than the wage rate the demand for labour fallsTraining and DevelopmentThe aim of training a person is to permanently change their ability. Improving their knowledge, experience and skills does this.To start you off at Sainsburys you are given(p) an induction. This tells you the basics of your job and allows you to do it. Induction programmes are designed to familiarise new recruits with the layout, security systems and about health and safety within the company. To inspire new recruits they may be introduced to key personnel.Sainsburys hold insurance interviews, one review happens at 3 weeks, one at 7 weeks and then again at 11 weeks. Sainsburys holds in-house training and coaching in each branch. They also have a How well and I doing? handbook which they give to each employee. This can map out paths and set targets, different for each section on the company. The targets set are* M easurable* Specific* Time-related* Agreed* RealisticThese are set at 6-month periods.The workbooks, which are used for technical training, coach trainees on a specific part of their job. They help them understand what they have got to do and how they have got to do it. For example training for a checkout operator may be given on a dummy checkout and they on a real one serving customers but with supervision.Each store trains its own staff at their job training centres are used for external training, which may be specific to a persons job such as health and safety or food hygiene. These parts of training may also involve passing an exam and gaining a qualification. The in store training organiser may not be qualified to train this. External training may also occur when the trainee is learning a specialist subject. For example a fishmonger may be sent to a special training-centre especially for fishmongers. I believe that Sainsburys send their head fishmongers to a centre in London.Sa insburys also has a training room where training videos are shown to trainees. These may be in general subjects such as customer relations. This is very handy as videos can be shown to a trainee as many times as it takes and at very precise cost. Also the audience can be selected and many trained at a time. Sainsburys also has a computer on which there are training programs, these give training and also provide a test, which they have to pass.

Chapter Essay Example for Free

Chapter EssayWhat do you mobilise are the prime advantages and disadvantages of National metropolis Corporations virtual tryouts? The advantages of using virtual tryouts are competitive frame in against other companies. Allows them to pickaxe candidates better suited for their run away environment, allows candidates the knowledge that they are applying for a company that is at the cutting edge of technology and they want to move forward with the sentences.Unfortunately there are also disadvantages associated with virtual tryouts. Employers whitethorn grab the interest of candidates, however if real day to day activities at work do not contain some of the aspects that the virtual test had, then employees will get uninterested and quit. 2. Do you consider there would be any EEO concerns regarding this corpse? I dont think there would be any EEO issues with this system, otherwise it would not be offered in the market.However I do believe that this naked as a jaybird system Virtual Tryouts is not necessarily right for all hiring aspects for every type of position/ company. there are aspects of a perfect employee to company match that a computer test cannot guarantee. Example, you can consume a candidate that gets great results in the virtual tryouts given the situation that they are told to address, yet in the real day to day situation of the position they do not do very well, and vice-versa. 3. Would you apprize the company tailor its system for variant types of candidates?Yes, I recommend that the company tailor its system for the different types of positions and the different types of candidates required to fill those positions. Chapter 8 Case Study Appraising Employees at the San Diego Zoo. 1. Do you think the San Diego Zoos old appraisal system essential to be changed? I think it needed to be changed because before they werent taking it seriously and it was a low priority to them. Now with the new(a) system the employees will get raises dep ending on their performance which in turn will ncrease company performance. 2. What do you think are the pros and cons of using a Web-based appraisal system? The pros of using a web-based appraisal system is that it is convenient because a large group of people can be rated in less time and it will control personal bias. The cons of using a web-based appraisal system is that it gives too little financial aid to the overall performance of workers and in person interviews are more effective in rewarding or pointing out deficiencies in workers. 3.How do you think the new appraisal system will affect employees and the types of employees who work at the zoo? The new appraisal system will affect employees positively for those employees that are tone to grow with the company and be a part of the growth. When an employee is given targets and goals to reach, then they know what they are running(a) towards and they are aware that if they reach the targets and goals there is a gain for them at the end. With this set, you will get employees that are willing to do the work and the time to get a job done right.

Motivation to Pursue a Healthcare MBA program Essay Example for Free

motif to Pursue a Healthcare MBA program EssayEarly in life, my family taught me the value of work, the importance of managing, respecting, gratifying the needs of the employees satisfactorily and the rigors of establishing and maintaining a business. For over 20 years, my family has owned and operated a chain of 11 nearly-off stores and other small businesses. Surrounded and influenced by the ups and downs of daily business life I developed the drift to succeed in a business setting.With this business familiarity, the compilation of science courses taken throughout college and the experience gained in the industry, I am determined to further develop my stance on how I could be most valuable in the society as a healthcare administrator or hospital CEO. Throughout the years I look at acquired the basics of understanding the health care set up, barely a Healthcare MBA from George Washington University is thus the master key to leave behind me the cognition and skills nec essary to scrupulously and professionally execute the responsibilities of hospital CEO.During my time whilst at UNC, I was involved with the agency, Communities in Schools, whereby I offered to teach and/or tutor high school students. A particular experience I cherish is when I helped a certain weak student, who had lost hope in school, to build confidence and motivation to accept hard and pass his exams. The student is now attending college and attributes his triumph to my helping him discover his own potential. These endeavors have allowed me to assume the role of a mentor and an instructor, and have further taught me to become a communicative attraction who can guide others in their development.Moreover, the sheer amount of pleasure I received from aiding the students in achieving their goals reflects my cargo to a career of service, which your program will steer me towards perfecting. I have perfected my abilities to work well under pressure with minimum supervision throug hout the years the necessary virtues of a good administrator. perchance even more important, throughout my experience, I have discovered the importance of sharing and accepting criticism.I understand how to deliver feedback without judging or discouraging others, and I use the advice of others to improve my own behavior. I admit that throughout my college education, my academic performance was sub-par however, I attribute this to spending ample time move in various non-academic activities. I was pushed to my limit as I was compelled to balance my time between perusal and maintaining involvement in other aspects of my life that I am passionate, serving others and dancing.Although being an active someone affected my scholastic performance, it was my involvement in those activities that stimulated my leadership potential, trained me to network with various agencies, and allowed me to give something small back to my community. It takes perseverance, drive and passion to rise above s et-backs that we create for ourselves along the way and my long goal has served as the light at the end of the tunnel. My goal is simple intellectual enrichment and to use my knowledge to help build a better society.The experience, knowledge and skills I have accumulated this far, put me in a position to successfully embark on new challenges. I want to dog a higher degree because I know I have the potential to achieve academic success and thus redeem my undergraduate academic experience. It is my belief and conviction that a person is educated if they continuously strive to attain knowledge while simultaneously recognizing the usefulness of this knowledge towards society. Confident in my competency to adapt well and learn new techniques, I am ready to commit and follow the advice of my mentors pursue a Healthcare MBA from George Washington University.

Modern Art Essay Example for Free

Modern trickistic productionistic production relishingAbstract Expressionism was an Ameri give notice post-war 2 maneuver effort that demonstrable primary(prenominal)ly in naked as a jaybird York. The roughly renowned dodgeists were located in New York and though the movement was broad and the many flora of maneuver really(prenominal) distinguishable, true characteristics ar observable in the development of the movement. These comparableities lie in the wileists motifs and concerns that were gener each(prenominal)y connect to the gracious brain and the troubling current events that shaped it. The timing of the movement is hence very epoch-making because both the World War and the Great Depression were events that shaped the perspective of the New York see mechanics of that time. The movement managed to trans plaster bandage New York City into the center of the western cheat land an honor that was forward bestowed on the French capital. Abstract exp ressionism is therefore a he fine artyly important art movement that helped shape and hold western civilization into a different course of thought and perspective. despite the generality and diversity that characterized it received desires and sources influenced its structure and development and impacted the artificers that ar now linked with it.The term Abstract Expressionism was commencement use by Alfred Barr in the United States to refer to the races of Wassily Kandinsky. Alfred Barr is now known to be the compriseing handler of the Museum of Contemporary Art and he drafted a chart around the movement of pilfer expressionism that very intumesce illustrates its development, aboriginal figures and main ideas. It is therefore referred to by some critics as a scientific diagram. Abstract Expressionism has therefore its roots in the 1930s. The main events of that time were the end of the world war and the Great Depression.The bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was in resembling flair very dominant as a theme in the art whole kit that were therefrom invigorate by the turbulent and problematic political and social events of that time. The images of the Holocaust became as sound as appargonnt deep down the emergent modern art works. These artists were, despite the many different styles that they adopted, were all interested in the state of the human race being psyche. They were generally concerned with the rationality and vulnerability of the human being and it is for this reason that they sought to focus on big themes as the iodines that prolong been menti angiotensin converting enzymed so far.Many of these artists had escaped World War 2 and their implement with the event first hand inspired them to seek understanding the deeper level of the human psyche which is simply why they were so interested in the unconscious side of the human perspective. This includes things that spectacular deal are non aware of, dreams and oppressed desires. These were, among oppo places, the main ideas that continued to inspire the emerging modern artists. Morally heavy themes and tragically grand ideas were therefore signifi notifytly flummox as themes inside abstract expressionism.The artists were also concerned with other ideas and theories. William DeKooning for instance managed to present the theme of the woman in a very interesting and thought-provocative manner. He is one of the unattackableest voices of abstract expressionism and deserves special nonice in this discussion of the art movement that he helped develop with his works and ideas. He came to New York to escape the war and soon evolved to become one of the near influential abstract artists of that time and his name is still associated with great art works.His works were very cubic and this is mainly illustrated with the usage of the pattern of the collage. DeKooning presented the subject of the female in a very interesting and unusual manner. It was adv anced and new and broke a stylus from the established art conventions that were previously adhered to by other artists. This is also an cheek of abstract expressionism. It seeks to break a management from the familiar and the formal to the unknown and the challenging. The dickens photographs entitled char, 1 and Woman and Bicycle illustrate this further.Woman, 1 was made in 1950-1952 while Woman and Bicycle was finished in the menstruum of 1952-1953. both(prenominal) works present the woman in an unfavorable way that depicts her fierceness, mystery as swell as her equivocalness. DeKooning was indeed very concerned with the subject of feminism and its power as the two paintings demonstrate. His enquirys regarding the female power and the themes of attraction and revulsion between the sexes are quite clearly noticeable in the two images. His style is especially interesting to focus on because it was a very gestural and plain style that sums up one of the approaches to abstrac t expressionism.The gestural approach is the first approach to abstract expressionism. The DeKooning painting entitled Asheville from 1948 is the best example to give to illustrate this approach further. The themes of immediacy and spontaneity through the colour in are very visible to the eye of the viewer which is an important looking at of the approach. There is also ambiguity because the figures and colors blend in a manner that do works it hard to establish whether or not they are re displayal of anything.The gestural approach was also very interested in the human psyche and showed intemperate influence by the surrealist movement. Improvisation and a focus on inner source development are also one of the main features that distinguish it from the second approach to abstract expressionism which is the color field. Mark Rothko is one of the main figures of the color field approach. Though the artists within this field have different styles of re presentment they all sell certa in characteristics. They are also wish well those from the gestural approach, interested in the human psyche and influenced by surrealism.But while the gestural artists like DeKooning put an emphasis on the dynamic and ready gesture hose from the color field are more reflective. These artists were interested in earthy myths and primitive gardenings and the psychological ideas of Carl Jung heavily influenced their artistic representation of the human soul and human psyche. Jung emphasized the exploration of the world of dreams and myths and these are recurrent themes in the color field approach within abstract expressionism. William Baziotes also utilise bearings to tap into the unconscious and explore the realm of dreams.This metaphysical searching for how the world functions and this attempt by the abstract artists to understand the functioning of the human mind and make sense of the physical populace is another idea that constantly occurs in the various art works. Abstract expressionism can thus be summed up as a school of art that emerged in New York in the post World War 2 era especially and is characterized by the view that art is nonrepresentational and mainly improvisational. This is very obvious in the painting of Asheville that has already been referred to before.The movement is sometimes simply referred to as the New York School or follow up Painting and was first associated with the works Kandinsky. To sum up, the ideas that mainly influenced the artists of this movement is resistance of formality and established art conventions both in relevance to style as well as subject and content. This resistance of the sticky style is especially significant in DeKoonings violent and un-representational depiction of the figure or object. The level of synopsis also differs from artist to another.The more abstract the more the artist tied to convey his emotional perspective. This was their way o expressing their thoughts to the events and social concer ns dominant at that time. The differences between the artistic works are, as has been noted, various. What they all appear to share however is a common moral awareness and alienation from the current decree they lived in the United States. Despite this fact abstract expressionism is referred to as an American style because it grew in the U. S and became the first art movement that brought attention to the American visual art.Sources Used chitchat Abstract Expressionism Chapter 17 speech communication Abstract Expressionism Chapter 17 Part 1 2. What is the relationship between abstract Art and negligibleism? abstract art is a form of art that focuses more on the idea than on the aesthetic aspect of art. One of the major figures of the movement, Sol LeWitt, described it in the following words In ideaual art the idea or concept is the most important aspect of the work. When an artist uses a conceptual form of art, it means that all of the planning and decisions are made beforeh and and the execution is a perfunctory affair.The idea becomes a machine that makes the art This means that any person can construct the works of art that the conceptual artists made if he tho follows the basic instructions and methodology used by the artist himself. Nothing illustrates this more than a look at the works of Joseph Kosuth especially his works entitled Art as mentation as Idea. He simply took pictures of pages from the dictionary and presented them as artistic works which they testament be understood as such if the firm concept behind this movement is better understood. Conceptual art has also close ties with the minimalist movement.LeWitts quotation is used in this discussion to highlight the key differences between traditional art and conceptual art. The latter is more idea- based with a complete rebelliousness to the aesthetic laws. It asserts complete neglection of this aspect and this is without doubt its main characteristic. A conceptual artist focuses more on the intellectual side of the work than on the presentation of it. The roots of this movement are to be found in Dada and the idea behind this movement is certainly provocative. It however left a significant influence on the development of other artistic movements like performance and digital art.To sum up, conceptual art is more concerned with the idea behind the work than the product or shape it takes which is in all probability why not many people will appreciate it. It takes at the least a certain acquaintance with the movement to grasp the works and therefore appreciate them more. The minimalists also asserted the aspect of concept over form in their works. This was done through the use of certain techniques that took the attention away from the object presentation to the message behind the object formation. The minimalists however differed from the conceptualists because they did not carry this complete defiance of presentation that far.Conceptualists were aware of this an d made certain to completely avoid incorporating any personal attachment to the subject within their works. The emphasis was on the subject and not on their opinion of it. This is why aesthetics were avoided. They simply disconcert the viewer from the message behind the work of art. Minimal art emerged in the 1950s and continued throughout the sixties and seventies. Minimal art is the equivalent as conceptual art in that it is also very simple and removes signs of personal expression.Its presentation of the content and form is basic and as has been said can be done by any other person if the instructions of composition are available. This might make conceptual and minimalist art look uncomplicated and unsophisticated however it should be kept into term that the subject and concept of the work is of primary impressiveness. The artist achieved artistic recognition not through the complexness of the work he presented provided through the idea he managed to attract attention to in the most simple and basic manner possible. Conceptual work typically includes photographs, image text or that text.Whatever is portrayed is presented in the least aesthetically attractive manner possible to not put out the attention away from the main concept. This is very obvious in the work of Kosuth especially in his well known example called One and Three Chairs (1965) which combines a real professorship, a photograph of a chair and a dictionary of chair. The movements focus on ideas influenced many artists and writers but was at the core influenced by overseas literature, especially literary works from orotund French intellectuals like Foucault or Jacques Derrida.Minimal art like conceptual art managed to leave an immense impact and influenced many writers and artists. Both movements are also similar in how they both put emphasis on the impersonal and miss of personal expression. Minimal art is a very successful art movement and used certain ideas to enhance its main ch aracteristics. The idea of the nonparallel or multiplicity of objects that is observable in both Sol LeWitts works as a conceptualist as well as in the minimalist works of Eva Hasse. The notion of the serial connotes neediness of uniqueness which is thus observable in all the conceptualist and minimalist works.This complete rejection of individuality and personal internalization of sentiment or any kind of attachment within these movements are what make it appear to some people as cold and detached whereas it is very much concerned with the issues and subjects that shape the daily life of the average human being. Multiplicity and repetition is a key element in conceptualism and minimalism. The work of Sol LeWitt especially his envision No. 1 from 1966 is based on putting several objects that look alike together.This connotes the idea that it could have been done by anyone since t is simply a combination of similar looking simple objects. The conceptual detachment from aesthetics i s further carried away by some artists. Lawrence Weiner for instance took a picture of a floor sprayed and called it Two Minutes of Spray Paint directly upon the Floor. This is amusing in a way but on the other hand quite creative and is used as an example in this discussion to further illustrate the concept of neglection of aesthetics. Eva Hasse is a minimalist artist who was good friends with LeWitt.She also cogitate on repeated forms and multiplicity but in contrast to the other minimalists used material as plastic that made her work change over time. Whether conceptual or minimal both movements share thus certain characteristics that capture them close. The only difference is that conceptualists took it further by completely neglecting the form and pore fully on the message and concept of the work which made their work appear trivial at times as the example of Lawrence Weiners spray picture and Kosuths Idea as Idea as Idea illustrate.Kosuth and others like him were thus inter ested in how meaning was generated and this is why he wanted to question the whole idea of art and criticize its foundation. He and Weiner and Hasse and LeWitt attempted to deconstruct the generally accepted approach towards art and focus rather on the message and concept. This deconstruction of view is part of a larger structure of which language is a major component. This is where minimalism and conceptualism derived their main ideas from. They were simply inspired by the literary writings of French intellectuals like Foucault and Derrida.Derrida especially helped shape the course of both movements with his deconstruction idea that inspired people to apply to other domains like painting and photography. In the post-modernist discourse this simply means that the deconstruction concept is interpreted as the lack of presence of any narration or judgmental voice, not hardly in literature but in all the domains of art. The artists who were influenced by deconstruction soon claimed tha t art was not to be judged according to one well-worn which put them thus in opposition to Plats attempts to define art as either good or bad.Deconstructionists defied this notion by saying that there is no wholeness interpretation of art which means that the whole idea o art is questionable. This is thus what inspired conceptualists and minimalists towards the lack of incorporation of aesthetic representation within their works. To sum up, Derridas idea played a major importance in the discourse of modern art especially in the minimalist and conceptualist movements. The fact that both came to the terminal that there is no single interpretation of art made them decide that there is no standard according to which to define art as either good or bad.The fluidity of meaning and lack of absolute opinion makes interpretation a very liberated process and hence allows for the development of the question that is centered around finding out what art exactly constitutes. This is why the ar tists adopted conceptualism and minimalism. They were simply arduous to come up with many meanings regarding the interpretation of objects and that could only be achieved if the process f interpreting it was a liberated one not based on any generally recognized fact or established convention.The individual is the only decider in the process and the ambiguity that surrounds everything requires therefore the complete focus on the message rather than the development of distractive elements as form or aesthetics. From the Lecture Chapter 22 The Post Minimal Post Modern 70s, Part 1 3. Choose five important sculptors post WWII to present and write an essay that looks at one piece by each of them. The development of art subsequentlywards World war two went through fast stages of evolvement that therefore distinguish it from eras as the Renaissance which took about two hundred years.With post-modernism changes happened fast and this is partially the result of the many diverse approaches adopted thanks to the grandness of interpretation that has characterized modern art since its rise. It is also the result of the many voices that sprang up and soon became leading figures in the development of post-modernism art with their different and innovative perspectives. Post-modernism is therefore characterized by growth both in the payoff of artists as well as in the concepts and ideas that it encompassed.This is not just limited to painting but includes also sculptors as will be demonstrated through the various artists and their works. John Ahearne is a sculptor who developed a consistent style throughout his career. This is illustrated in his paintings Jay with Bike in 1985 and The Twins in 2004. Both show a similar style focused on depicting the African-American part of society which was a controversial element of his works regarding the fact that he is Caucasian. His works are very tiny and attempt to illustrate the elements that make up his Bronx neighborhood.This i dea is an example of innovation in post-modernism. Jeff Koons is another prominent sculptor who resorted to figurative expression. This was inspired by the impacts media had on the society of that time. Media was very ironic and overwhelmingly favourite oriented and Jeff Koons is known to take the elements of popular culture and presents them in a cynical and comical manner which has made some people react negatively o his works. He has been accused of lack of taste and his work entitled Michael Jackson and Bubbles might explain this more.It is a ceramic work from 1988 that depicts the artist with a monkey in a manner that makes him look like the animal especially since their clothing is similar. Despite the subjects he picked Jeff considered himself an artist who framed very ordinary work. Whatever his classification it remains undeniable that he managed to send ideas and concepts of concern among the masses and despite the lack of appreciation of his style he still managed to a ppeal to the publics main popular features. Katharina Fritsch is a German sculptor known for sculptures that present familiar objects with a manner of unacquainted with(predicate) sensibility .Fritsch is still alive which makes her very contemporary. She began to show her work in the 1980s. She is also known for appetency to experiment with the notion of learning which is thus why she likes to transform familiar objects into less familiar but still recognizable forms. For instance, the PUDEL (1995) shows a poodle that is black. Fritsch is thus concerned with the presentation of art in an unknown manner because of her interest in the notion of reality. This shows a certain influence of Derridas deconstruction theory.The notion of perception is just individual based and not universal and this is exactly the reason behind her exploration with reality representation and perception. Louise Bourgeois is another post-modernist sculptor. She is known for a captivation with ambiguity an d this is illustrated through her use of different materials. She is also very surrealist despite her contemporary status. Her work Untitled, 1989, pink marble is an example of this. Her work can be associated with surrealism and feminism and she is known for being mainly influenced with these movements.Martin Puryear is an American sculptor who incorporates his fascination with natural forms with his extremely intellectual accentuate to present art that is hard to pin down as a presentation of one movement or one ideology. He is a very well known artist who has received recognition for his work among critics and modern art lovers. Lever1 1988-89. Red Cedar shows his great interest in natural forms. This is because he opted for the use of wood and natural elements. The work also demonstrates his fascination with furniture.He went for instance all the way to Scandinavia to learn more about furniture and incorporate the supranational ideas and different cultural elements in his wor k. From the Lecture Chapter 23, A New Century, Part 2 4. Discuss target unique(predicate) art. Site specific art is art that is created for a certain place. The artist is during the creation of his artistic creation concerned with the location. Ann Hamilton is a good example to give in the context of site specific work an installation. In her artwork Tropos made in 1993-1994 Hamilton altered a whole factory floor of 5000 red-blooded feet with horse hair.The hair was of different colors and created this image of an altered reality because of the change o the site of the artwork. This is the main element of the movement. The specific focus on location above all is thus very important to bring the artwork to the attention. Ann Hamilton utilizes the site by focusing on light and sound to create an installation effect where site is an essential aspect of the finished artwork. She often used other elements like historical or literary allusions which added certain sophistication to her work.She is a main figure of the site specific art movement. Site specific art is thus created to exist in a certain place. The works of Hamilton give us an insight into the choreography and final presentation of the whole artwork. The artwork cannot be started before the whole elements regarding the site are well studied. In Hamiltons Tropos the lightning and sound elements are well coordinated to bring the different shades of the hair out. This could not have been achieved without the meticulous study of the sites characteristics and topographies whether architectural or environmental.From the Lecture New Century Chapter 24 Part 1 A 5. Discuss identicalness issues in art c. 1980 to present. Art is a platform for the discussion of many themes and issues. Art is basically a representation of the human thought and especially the human thought process of the artist in charge of the artwork presented. This is very simple to understand. The artist like the writer is at the core conce rned with expressing his views and experiences through the mode of art he considers most suitable whether that is abstract art or minimalism.There are for instance many artists within the field of post-modern art that are concerned with the themes of identity and seek to convey their thoughts through their work. This can be traced to the influence of todays global and problematic events that have influenced the political and national geographical map around the world and raised therefore many questions regarding the issue of identity. Ana Mendieta is modernist Cuban-American artist who is very well known for her earth-body sculptural and photographic works that dealt with the themes of her identity. Her personal background influenced the themes of her art works.She was born(p) in Cuba but was moved to the United States at a very young age and developed a strong interest in her culture. Her traumatic experience as a child in the orphanage she grew up after the political exile of he r family from Cuba made her just more aware of her background which is strongly reflected in her work. Mona Hatoum is another contemporary Palestinian artist living in London. She was born in Beirut and the themes of identity are significantly present in her art regarding the experience she lived as a person born in a foreign country and grown up in another.She and Mendieta have this historical background in common. Other characteristics common between them is the presence of the body in their artworks. Hatoums Entrails Carpet from 1995 illustrates the themes of struggle in perception of identity. The artists herself mentioned that the idea originates from a notion of not belonging. Though she lived in Beirut and after that in London she did not feel as if she was in a place she belonged to. Her life like the carpet might seem elegant and peaceful at first glance but just like the rug turns out to be little pieces of entrails, parts of the human body, put together.From the Lecture N ew Century Chapter 24 Part 1 A 6. Discuss painting post 2000. Contemporary paintings are very diverse in themes and forms regarding the wide subjects that have been introduced by the post-modernist artists. Ben Whitehouse is one of the artists from the contemporary post 2000 period and his painting entitled Revolution North Bar Lake, 2006 presents his fascination with landscape and the environment. He has more paintings with the same title because the method of making these landscape paintings is largely similar.His representation of the land is through very meticulous oil paintings that all have a very calm effect on the viewer. The artworks are so landscape focused that it is easy to lose yourself into it. This is because of the complete focus on the landscape and the lack of incorporation of any civilization elements. Another artist concerned with the issues of environment and farming is Alexis Rockman. Whitehouse and Rockman therefore reflect the contemporary concern with the ef fects of pollution and global warming and subsequent environmental degradation.Her artwork The Farm (2000) illustrates how culture approaches the idea of farming and natural protection of the sources needed for human sustainment. The way the human interacts with plants and animals and the way culture influences the process is also a significant theme illustrated through the various elements of nature and the many animals within the painting. Whitehouse and Rockman are despite their different styles similar in their concern with contemporary events.Whitehouses previously discussed painting is so obviously landscape focused that it throws he viewer back into a historical time free of the industrial pollution that characterizes current human life. Rockmans painting provides historical and current insight into the advances within the bio-tech persistence and in genetic engineering in relation with the history of agriculture which therefore makes both Whitehouse and Rockman similar in their strong interest with the effects of technological and industrial human life on the meet nature. From the Lecture New Century Chapter 24 Part 1 A